Wild+Tiger

Saving the tigers:
Mila is a young Indonesian woman who learnt about the plight of the tigers at an early age and dreamt about doing something about it. After graduating, she joined WWF as a tiger conservationist. Mila heads a Tiger Research Team who work in central Sumatra, Indonesia, setting up camera traps which photograph or film tigers. This material is used to help calculate the number of tigers and their movement patterns, gathering data that aids in conservation management.

Describe:The tiger (//Panthera tigris//) is the largest cat species, reaching a total body length of up to 3.3 metres (11 ft) and weighing up to 306 kg (670 lb). Their most recognizable feature is a pattern of dark vertical stripes on reddish-orange fur with lighter underparts. They have exceptionally stout teeth, and their canines are the longest among living felids with a crown height of as much as 74.5 mm (2.93 in) or even 90 mm (3.5 in). In zoos, tigers have lived for 20 to 26 years, which also seems to be their longevity in the wild. They are territorial and generally solitary but social animals, often requiring large contiguous areas of habitat that support their prey requirements. This, coupled with the fact that they are indigenous to some of the more densely populated places on earth, has caused significant conflicts with humans.


 * < Domain ||<  ||
 * < Kingdom ||< Animalia ||
 * < Phylum ||< Chordata ||
 * < Class ||< Mammalia ||
 * < Order ||< Carnivora ||
 * < Family ||< Felidae ||
 * < Genus ||< //Panthera// ||
 * < species ||< //**P. tigris**// ||

Characteristics:


Tigers are muscular, have powerful forequarters, and especially in males, a large head. The ground coloration of their fur varies between tawny and xanthine orange or cinnamon brown in the southernmost populations, to between ochraceous-orange or zinc orange or capucine orange in the northernmost populations. The face is framed by long hairs that form whiskers, which are more conspicuous in males. The ventral parts are usually white. The body is marked with black or chaetura black stripes of various length, breadth and form. The pupils are circular with yellow irises. The rather small ears are rounded and black on their dorsal side with a conspicuous white central spot. These spots, called ocelli, play an important role in intraspecificcommunic.

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Habitat:
In the past, tigers were found throughout Asia, from the Caucasus and the Caspian Sea to Siberia and the Indonesian islands of Java, Bali and Sumatra. During the 20th century, tigers have been extirpated in western Asia and became restricted to isolated pockets in the remaining parts of their range. Today, their fragmented and partly degraded range extends from India in the west to China and Southeast Asia. The northern limit of their range is close to the Amur River in south eastern Siberia. The only large island inhabited by tigers today is Sumatra. Tigers were extirpated on the island of Bali in the 1940s, around the Caspian Sea in the 1970s, and on Java in the 1980s. Loss of habitat and the persistent killing of tigers and tiger prey precipitated these extirpations, a process that continues to leave forests devoid of tigers and other large mammals across South and Southeast Asia. Since the beginning of the 21st century, their historical range has shrunk by 93 percent. In the decade from 1997 to 2007, the estimated area known to be occupied by tigers has declined by 41 percent.Fossil remains indicate that tigers were present in Borneo and Palawan in the Philippines during the late Pleistocene and Holocene.Tiger habitats will usually include sufficient cover, proximity to water, and an abundance of prey. Bengal tigers live in many types of forests, including wet, evergreen, the semi-evergreen of Assam and eastern Bengal; the mangrove forest of the Ganges Delta; the deciduous forest of Nepal, and the thorn forests of the Western Ghats. Compared to the lion, the tiger prefers denser vegetation, for which its camouflage colouring is ideally suited, and where a single predator is not at a disadvantage compared with the multiple felines in a pride. In the wild.

Species interactions:
There are nine subspecies of tiger, three of which are extinct. Their historical range in Bangladesh, Siberia, Iran, Afghanistan, India, China, and southeast Asia, including three Indonesian islands is severely diminished today. tigers mostly feed on larger and medium sized animals. Sambar, gaur, chital, barasingha, wild boar, nilgai and both water buffalo and domestic buffalo are the tiger's favoured prey in India. Sometimes, they also prey on leopards, pythons, sloth bears and crocodiles. In Siberia the main prey species are manchurian wapiti, wild boar, sika deer, moose, roe deer, and musk deer. In Sumatra, sambar, muntjac, wild boar, and malayan tapir are preyed on. In the former Caspian tiger's range, prey included saiga antelope, camels, caucasian wisent, yak, and wild horses. Like many predators, they are opportunistic and will eat much smaller prey, such as monkeys, peafowls, hares and fish.

Reproduction:
Mating can occur all year round, but is generally more common between November and April. A female is only receptive for a few days and mating is frequent during that time period. A pair will copulate frequently and noisily, like other cats. The gestation period is 16 weeks. The litter size usually consists of around 3–4 cubs of about 1 kilogram (2.2 lb) each, which are born blind and helpless. The females rear them alone, sheltering them in dens such as thickets and rocky crevices. The father of the cubs generally takes no part in rearing them. Unrelated wandering male tigers may even kill cubs to make the female receptive, since the tigress may give birth to another litter within 5 months if the cubs of the previous litter are lost.The mortality rate of tiger cubs is fairly high – approximately half do not survive to be more than two years old. There is generally a dominant cub in each litter, which tends to be male but may be of either sex. This cub generally dominates its siblings during play and tends to be more active, leaving its mother earlier than usual. At 8 weeks, the cubs are ready to follow their mother out of the den, although they do not travel with her as she roams her territory until they are older. The cubs become independent around 18 months of age, but it is not until they are around 2–2½ years old that they leave their mother. Females reach sexual maturity at 3–4 years, whereas males reach sexual maturity at 4–5 years. Over the course of her life, a female tiger will give birth to an approximately equal number of male and female cubs. Tigers breed well in captivity, and the captive population in the United States may rival the wild population of the world.

Free Topic:
Tiger are large cats.They are one of the most threatened of species of animal on earth.There are six different kind of tigers. Amur tiger, bangel tiger, Indochinese tiger, Malayan tiger, South China tiger and Sumatran tiger.

Table:
tern China northern NorthKorea. || Lives in thick forests that are covered with snow in winter. || Paler colouring, with brown rather than black stipes. White ruff of fur round neck. Largest cat in the world. || Up to 3.3m head to tail, about 300kg || Less than 350 in the wild ||
 * **Amur, or Siberian, tiger** || Found in eastern Russia mainly, with some in northeas
 * **Bengal tiger** || Found in India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan and Burma (Myanmar). || From cold Himalayan forests to hot swamps to wet forests of north India to dry forests of Rajasthan. || Reddish orange fur with narrow black, grey or brown stripes. Underside is creamy white. || Up to 2.9m head to tail, about 140 kg || Approx 3, 500 in the wild ||
 * **Indochinese tiger** || Mainly in Thailand, but also Burma, Cambodia, Laos, southern China, Vietnam, parts of Malaysia. || Live in forests in hilly to mountainous areas. || Reddish orange to dark yellow fur with black or dark grey stripes. || Up to2.7m head to tail, about 115kg || Less than 1000 in the wild ||
 * **Malay, or Malayan, tiger** || Found only in the Malaysian part of the Malay peninsula. || Hilly forest areas because lowland forests have been cleared for rubber and palm oil plantations. || Appearance similar to Indo Chinese tiger: it was not until 2004 that it was classified as a different subspecies. || Up to2.7m head to tail, about 120kg || About 500 in the wild ||
 * **South China, or Amoy, tiger** || Found in central - eastern China. || Moist forests. || Short broad stripes widely spaced. || Up to 2.5 metres head to tail, about 150 kg. || 20-30 in the wild (**The most critically endangered of the tigers, and possibly already extinct)** ||
 * **Sumatran tiger** || Found only on the island of Sumatra. || Lives in forests, lowland to mountain areas. || It is the darkest and smallest of the tigers, suitable for its rainforest habitat. || Up to 2.4m head to tail, 90 kg || ( **Critically Endangered, about 240 left in the wild.)** ||

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